Half of Maryland's land area belongs to the Atlantic Coastal Plain, with sandy land in the south and fertile land in the north. The state's 3,200 miles of coastline span the Chesapeake Bay across the Atlantic Ocean. The Chesapeake Bay is a wide and long valley that stretches into the interior from south to north, dividing Maryland into east and west. The eastern part has a humid subtropical climate, while the western part has a continental climate. Chesapeake Bay is 320 kilometers long from north to south, 6-60 kilometers wide from east to west, and the deepest point can reach 105 meters. The major rivers on the West Bank include the James River and the Potomac River. In the north is the head of the bay, which is injected by the Susquehanna River. And there is a 30-kilometer canal that runs through northern Delaware to the lower reaches of the Delaware River.

The Western Appalachian Mountains include a series of forested mountain ranges, close to West Virginia's Baccarat Mountains, at 3,360 feet, the highest point in the state.

The landform of the whole state can be divided into 6 regions from east to west:

(1) Eastern Shore, the basement is composed of sedimentary rocks. The east of the Chesapeake Bay is below 30 meters above sea level; the west is below 60 meters above sea level. There are many low sandbars, islets and swamps along the Atlantic coast. The coastal plain west of Wantou extends westward to the line of the waterfall. The soil is fertile and suitable for agriculture.

(2) To the west of the waterfall line are foothills with gentle ups and downs. The rocks have outcrops of igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks. The altitude of the ground is less than 400 meters, which is suitable for the development of agriculture.

(3) Blue Ridge Forest Area, the highest point is 500 meters above sea level. The natural forest on the hillside is very dense.

(4) Guanggu District. To the west of the Blue Ridge, there is a large north-south valley, which is very wide and is called the Broad Valley Plain.

(5) Parallel collar valley area.

(6) Far west, the Appalachian Mountains. The highest point in the state is 1024 meters above sea level, and it is difficult to cross. Many rivers flow down the eastern slopes of the mountains, one of which empties into the head of the Chesapeake Bay. The Chesapeake Bay was originally the downstream waterway of the Susquehanna River. As far back as 10,000 years ago, due to the disappearance of glaciers, the sea level rose and sea water invaded, forming a large bay.

Maryland's population in 2000 was 5.296 million. In the 2010 census, Maryland had 5.773 million people. Most of the residents live in the central area, which is the metropolitan area from Baltimore to Washington. Maryland's east coast is less populated, mostly farmers, as is the case in southern Maryland. As for the three counties in Western Maryland, Allegany County en: Allegany, Great County en: Garrett, and Washington County en: Washington, all are mountainous terrain and sparsely populated until near the West Virginia border There is a big city. The racial makeup of Maryland is roughly as follows: 62.1% White (no Hispanic ancestry), 27.9% African American, 4.3% Hispanic, 4% Asian American, 2% mixed race, 0.3% Indian An Aboriginal.

According to the census, among the ancestry of Maryland residents, African-Americans (27.9%) lead the way, followed by Germans (15.7%), Irish (11.7%), British (9%) and Americans (5.8%) ).

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